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<title>cat(1) - Plan 9 from User Space</title>
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<tr><td width=20><td><b>CAT(1)</b><td align=right><b>CAT(1)</b>
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<p><font size=+1><b>NAME </b></font><br>
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cat, read, nobs – catenate files<br>
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<p><font size=+1><b>SYNOPSIS </b></font><br>
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<tt><font size=+1>cat</font></tt> [ <i>file ...</i> ]<br>
<tt><font size=+1>read</font></tt> [ <tt><font size=+1>−m</font></tt> ] [ <tt><font size=+1>−n</font></tt> <i>nline</i> ] [ <i>file ...</i> ]<br>
<tt><font size=+1>nobs</font></tt> [ <i>file ...</i> ]<br>
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<p><font size=+1><b>DESCRIPTION </b></font><br>
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<i>Cat</i> reads each <i>file</i> in sequence and writes it on the standard
output. Thus<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>cat file
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</font></tt>
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prints a file and<br>
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<tt><font size=+1>cat file1 file2 >file3
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</font></tt>
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concatenates the first two files and places the result on the
third.
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If no <i>file</i> is given, <i>cat</i> reads from the standard input. Output
is buffered in blocks matching the input.
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<i>Read</i> copies to standard output exactly one line from the named
<i>file</i>, default standard input. It is useful in interactive <a href="../man1/rc.html"><i>rc</i>(1)</a>
scripts.
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The <tt><font size=+1>−m</font></tt> flag causes it to continue reading and writing multiple
lines until end of file; <tt><font size=+1>−n</font></tt> causes it to read no more than <i>nline</i>
lines.
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<i>Read</i> always executes a single <tt><font size=+1>write</font></tt> for each line of input, which
can be helpful when preparing input to programs that expect line-at-a-time
data. It never reads any more data from the input than it prints
to the output.
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<i>Nobs</i> copies the named files to standard output except that it
removes all backspace characters and the characters that precede
them. It is useful to use as <tt><font size=+1>$PAGER</font></tt> with the Unix version of <a href="../man1/man.html"><i>man</i>(1)</a>
when run inside a <i>win</i> (see <a href="../man1/acme.html"><i>acme</i>(1)</a>) window.<br>
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<p><font size=+1><b>SOURCE </b></font><br>
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<tt><font size=+1>/usr/local/plan9/src/cmd/cat.c<br>
/usr/local/plan9/src/cmd/read.c<br>
/usr/local/plan9/bin/nobs<br>
</font></tt>
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<p><font size=+1><b>SEE ALSO </b></font><br>
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<a href="../man1/cp.html"><i>cp</i>(1)</a><br>
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<p><font size=+1><b>DIAGNOSTICS </b></font><br>
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<i>Read</i> exits with status <tt><font size=+1>eof</font></tt> on end of file or, in the <tt><font size=+1>−n</font></tt> case,
if it doesn’t read <i>nlines</i> lines.<br>
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<p><font size=+1><b>BUGS </b></font><br>
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Beware of <tt><font size=+1>cat a b >a</font></tt> and <tt><font size=+1>cat a b >b</font></tt>, which destroy input files before
reading them.<br>
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