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<title>xd(1) - Plan 9 from User Space</title>
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<tr><td width=20><td><b>XD(1)</b><td align=right><b>XD(1)</b>
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<p><font size=+1><b>NAME </b></font><br>
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xd – hex, octal, decimal, or ASCII dump<br>
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<p><font size=+1><b>SYNOPSIS </b></font><br>
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<tt><font size=+1>xd</font></tt> [ <i>option ...</i> ] [ <tt><font size=+1>−</font></tt><i>format ...</i> ] [ <i>file ...</i> ]<br>
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<p><font size=+1><b>DESCRIPTION </b></font><br>
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<i>Xd</i> concatenates and dumps the <i>files</i> (standard input by default)
in one or more formats. Groups of 16 bytes are printed in each
of the named formats, one format per line. Each line of output
is prefixed by its address (byte offset) in the input file. The
first line of output for each group is zero-padded; subsequent
are
blank-padded.
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Formats other than <tt><font size=+1>−c</font></tt> are specified by pairs of characters telling
size and style, <tt><font size=+1>4x</font></tt> by default. The sizes are<br>
<tt><font size=+1>1</font></tt> or <tt><font size=+1>b</font></tt> 1-byte units.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>2</font></tt> or <tt><font size=+1>w</font></tt> 2-byte big-endian units.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>4</font></tt> or <tt><font size=+1>l</font></tt> 4-byte big-endian units.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>8</font></tt> or <tt><font size=+1>v</font></tt> 8-byte big-endian units.
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The styles are<br>
<tt><font size=+1>o</font></tt> Octal.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>x</font></tt> Hexadecimal.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>d</font></tt> Decimal.
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Other options are<br>
<tt><font size=+1>−c</font></tt> Format as <tt><font size=+1>1x</font></tt> but print ASCII representations or C escape sequences
where possible.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>−a</font></tt><i>style</i> Print file addresses in the given style (and size 4).<br>
<tt><font size=+1>−u</font></tt> (Unbuffered) Flush the output buffer after each 16-byte sequence.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>−s</font></tt> Reverse (swab) the order of bytes in each group of 4 before
printing.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>−r</font></tt> Print repeating groups of identical 16-byte sequences as the
first group followed by an asterisk.<br>
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<p><font size=+1><b>SOURCE </b></font><br>
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<tt><font size=+1>/usr/local/plan9/src/cmd/xd.c<br>
</font></tt>
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<p><font size=+1><b>SEE ALSO </b></font><br>
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<a href="../man1/db.html"><i>db</i>(1)</a><br>
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<p><font size=+1><b>BUGS </b></font><br>
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The various output formats don’t line up properly in the output
of <i>xd</i>.<br>
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