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<head>
<title>ms(7) - Plan 9 from User Space</title>
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<tr><td width=20><td><b>MS(7)</b><td align=right><b>MS(7)</b>
<tr><td width=20><td colspan=2>
<br>
<p><font size=+1><b>NAME </b></font><br>
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ms – macros for formatting manuscripts<br>
</table>
<p><font size=+1><b>SYNOPSIS </b></font><br>
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<tt><font size=+1>nroff −ms</font></tt> [ <i>options</i> ] <i>file ...<br>
</i><tt><font size=+1>troff −ms</font></tt> [ <i>options</i> ] <i>file ...<br>
</i>
</table>
<p><font size=+1><b>DESCRIPTION </b></font><br>
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This package of <i>nroff</i> and <a href="../man1/troff.html"><i>troff</i>(1)</a> macro definitions provides
a canned formatting facility for technical papers in various formats.
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The macro requests are defined below. Many <i>nroff</i> and <i>troff</i> requests
are unsafe in conjunction with this package, but the following
requests may be used with impunity after the first <tt><font size=+1>.PP</font></tt>: <tt><font size=+1>.bp</font></tt>, <tt><font size=+1>.br</font></tt>,
<tt><font size=+1>.sp</font></tt>, <tt><font size=+1>.ls</font></tt>, <tt><font size=+1>.na</font></tt>.
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Output of the <a href="../man1/eqn.html"><i>eqn</i>(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/tbl.html"><i>tbl</i>(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/pic.html"><i>pic</i>(1)</a> and <a href="../man1/grap.html"><i>grap</i>(1)</a> preprocessors
for equations, tables, pictures, and graphs is acceptable as input.<br>
</table>
<p><font size=+1><b>FILES </b></font><br>
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<tt><font size=+1>/usr/local/plan9/tmac/tmac.s<br>
</font></tt>
</table>
<p><font size=+1><b>SEE ALSO </b></font><br>
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M. E. Lesk, “Typing Documents on the UNIX System: Using the –ms
Macros with Troff and Nroff”, <i>Unix Research System Programmer’s
Manual,</i> Tenth Edition, Volume 2.<br>
<a href="../man1/eqn.html"><i>eqn</i>(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/troff.html"><i>troff</i>(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/tbl.html"><i>tbl</i>(1)</a>, <a href="../man1/pic.html"><i>pic</i>(1)</a><br>
</table>
<p><font size=+1><b>REQUESTS </b></font><br>
Request Initial Cause Explanation<br>
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<table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr height=2><td><tr><td width=20><td>
Value Break<br>
</table>
</table>
<tt><font size=+1>.1C </font></tt> yes yes One column format on a new page.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.2C </font></tt> no yes Two column format.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.AB </font></tt> no yes Begin abstract.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.AE </font></tt> - yes End abstract.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.AI </font></tt> no yes Author’s institution follows. Suppressed in <tt><font size=+1>.TM</font></tt>.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.AT </font></tt> no yes Print ‘Attached’ and turn off line filling.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.AU</font></tt> <i>x y</i> no yes Author’s name follows. <i>x</i> is location and <i>y</i> is extension,
ignored except in <tt><font size=+1>TM</font></tt>.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.B</font></tt> <i>x y </i> no no Print <i>x</i> in boldface, append <i>y</i>; if no argument switch
to boldface.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.B1 </font></tt> no yes Begin text to be enclosed in a box.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.B2 </font></tt> no yes End boxed text.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.BI</font></tt> <i>x y</i> no no Print <i>x</i> in bold italic and append <i>y</i>; if no argument
switch to bold italic.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.BT </font></tt> date no Bottom title, automatically invoked at foot of page.
May be redefined.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.BX</font></tt> <i>x </i> no no Print <i>x</i> in a box.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.CW</font></tt> <i>x y</i> no no Constant width font for <i>x</i>, append <i>y</i>; if no argument
switch to constant width.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.CT </font></tt> no yes Print ‘Copies to’ and turn off line filling.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.DA</font></tt> <i>x </i> nroff no ‘Date line’ at bottom of page is <i>x</i>. Default is
today.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.DE </font></tt> - yes End displayed text. Implies <tt><font size=+1>.KE</font></tt>.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.DS</font></tt> <i>x </i> no yes Start of displayed text, to appear verbatim line-by-line:
<tt><font size=+1>I</font></tt> indented (default), <tt><font size=+1>L</font></tt> left-justified, <tt><font size=+1>C</font></tt> centered, <tt><font size=+1>B</font></tt> (block)
centered with straight left margin. Implies <tt><font size=+1>.KS</font></tt>.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.EG </font></tt> no - Print document in BTL format for ‘Engineer’s Notes.’
Must be first.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.EN </font></tt> - yes Space after equation produced by <i>neqn</i> or <a href="../man1/eqn.html"><i>eqn</i>(1)</a>.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.EQ</font></tt> <i>x y</i> - yes Display equation. Equation number is <i>y</i>. Optional
<i>x</i> is <tt><font size=+1>I</font></tt>, <tt><font size=+1>L</font></tt>, <tt><font size=+1>C</font></tt> as in <tt><font size=+1>.DS</font></tt>.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.FE </font></tt> - yes End footnote.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.FP</font></tt> <i>x </i> - no Set font positions for a family, e.g., <tt><font size=+1>.FP lucidasans<br>
.FS </font></tt> no no Start footnote. The note will be moved to the bottom
of the page.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.HO </font></tt> - no ‘Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733’.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.I</font></tt> <i>x y </i> no no Italicize <i>x</i>, append <i>y</i>; if no argument switch to italic.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.IH </font></tt> no no ‘Bell Laboratories, Naperville, Illinois 60540’<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.IM </font></tt> no no Print document in BTL format for an internal memorandum.
Must be first.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.IP</font></tt> <i>x y</i> no yes Start indented paragraph, with hanging tag <i>x</i>. Indentation
is <i>y</i> ens (default 5).<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.KE </font></tt> - yes End keep. Put kept text on next page if not enough room.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.KF </font></tt> no yes Start floating keep. If the kept text must be moved
to the next page, float later text back to this page.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.KS </font></tt> no yes Start keeping following text.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.LG </font></tt> no no Make letters larger.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.LP </font></tt> yes yes Start left-blocked paragraph.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.LT </font></tt> no yes Start a letter; a non-empty first argument produces
a full Lucent letterhead, a second argument is a room number,
a third argument is a telephone number.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.MF </font></tt> - - Print document in BTL format for ‘Memorandum for File.’
Must be first.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.MH </font></tt> - no ‘Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974’.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.MR </font></tt> - - Print document in BTL format for ‘Memorandum for Record.’
Must be first.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.ND</font></tt> <i>date</i> troff no Use date supplied (if any) only in special BTL
format positions; omit from page footer.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.NH</font></tt> <i>n </i> - yes Same as <tt><font size=+1>.SH</font></tt>, with automatic section numbers like ‘1.2.3’;
<i>n</i> is subsection level (default 1).<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.NL </font></tt> yes no Make letters normal size.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.P1 </font></tt> - yes Begin program display in constant width font.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.P2 </font></tt> - yes End program display.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.PE </font></tt> - yes End picture; see <a href="../man1/pic.html"><i>pic</i>(1)</a>.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.PF </font></tt> - yes End picture; restore vertical position.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.PP </font></tt> no yes Begin paragraph. First line indented.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.PS</font></tt> <i>h w</i> - yes Start picture; height and width in inches.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.PY </font></tt> - no ‘Bell Laboratories, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854’<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.QE </font></tt> - yes End quoted material.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.QP </font></tt> - yes Begin quoted paragraph (indent both margins).<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.QS </font></tt> - yes Begin quoted material (indent both margins).<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.R </font></tt> yes no Roman text follows.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.RE </font></tt> - yes End relative indent level.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.RP </font></tt> no - Cover sheet and first page for released paper. Must precede
other requests.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.RS </font></tt> - yes Start level of relative indentation from which subsequent
indentation is measured.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.SG</font></tt> <i>x </i> no yes Insert signature(s) of author(s), ignored except
in <tt><font size=+1>.TM</font></tt> and <tt><font size=+1>.LT</font></tt>. <i>x</i> is the reference line (initials of author and
typist). .}f<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.SH </font></tt> - yes Section head follows, font automatically bold.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.SM </font></tt> no no Make letters smaller.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.TA</font></tt> <i>x</i>... 5... no Set tabs in ens. Default is 5 10 15 ...<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.TE </font></tt> - yes End table; see <a href="../man1/tbl.html"><i>tbl</i>(1)</a>.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.TH </font></tt> - yes End heading section of table.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.TL </font></tt> no yes Title follows.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.TM</font></tt> <i>x</i>... no - Print document in BTL technical memorandum format.
Arguments are TM number, (quoted list of) case number(s), and
file number. Must precede other requests.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.TR</font></tt> <i>x </i> - - Print in BTL technical report format; report number
is <i>x</i>. Must be first.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.TS</font></tt> <i>x </i> - yes Begin table; if <i>x</i> is <tt><font size=+1>H</font></tt> table heading is repeated on
new pages.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.UL</font></tt> <i>x </i> - no Underline argument (even in troff).<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.UX</font></tt> <i>y z</i> - no ‘<i>z</i>UNIX<i>y</i>’; first use gives registered trademark notice.<br>
<tt><font size=+1>.WH </font></tt> - no ‘Bell Laboratories, Whippany, New Jersey 07981’.<br>
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<tr height=20><td>
</table>
<!-- TRAILER -->
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<center>
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